A Royal Society research professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Oxford. Following a PhD in general relativity theory, Palmer spent much of his career working on the predictability and dynamics of weather and climate, developing probabilistic ensemble prediction systems across a range of weather and climate timescales. For this work he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society and an international member of the United States National Academy of Sciences. He was also a lead author for the IPCC climate assessment reports. In addition, Palmer researches the foundations of quantum physics and the role of noise and quantum processes in the brain. For this he was elected a member of the Foundational Questions Institute and the Association for Mathematical Consciousness Science.